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TECHKNOW
铣削刀片磨损原因及解决方案
可转位铣刀片
铣刀 - 整体硬质合金立铣刀 & 变形金刚立铣刀
磨损类型
-
-
×
后刀面磨损
后刀面磨损
原因
解决方案
-
降低切削速度
-
采用更耐磨的刀具牌号
-
选取更耐磨的牌号
-
对容易产生加工硬化的工件材料,需采用更小的切入角
-
加工耐热合金材料时,降低切削速度
-
×
月牙洼磨损
月牙洼磨损
原因
解决方案
-
降低切削速度
-
降低进给
-
采用前角更大的刀具
-
选取硬度更高的刀具牌号
-
选取更耐磨的刀具牌号
-
选取前角更大的刀片
-
降低切削速度 或 降低进给率以使得切削温度更低
-
采用更高的冷却液流量及冷却液压力,可考虑高压冷却
-
×
塑性变形
塑性变形
原因
解决方案
-
降低切削速度
-
选取硬度更高的刀具牌号
-
大幅提高冷却液供应
-
×
沟槽磨损
沟槽磨损
原因
解决方案
-
采用更耐磨的刀具牌号
-
降低切削速度
-
调整切削深度
-
采用更强固形状的刀片
-
对容易产生加工硬化的工件材料,需采用更小的切入角
-
加工耐热合金材料时,降低切削速度
-
×
热裂
热裂
原因
-
切削区域表面温度变化太大,断续切削,或冷却液供应产生变化
解决方案
-
降低切削速度
-
选取韧性更佳的刀具牌号
-
大幅提高冷却液供应或关闭冷却液
-
只要可能,尽量避免使用冷却液
-
×
切削刃破损
切削刃破损
原因
-
更换刀片切削刃前,刀片过度磨损
-
对于该应用而言,刀片牌号及几何形状都太弱了
-
刀片载荷过大
-
刀片已形成了积屑瘤
解决方案
-
采用带大刀尖圆角半径的刀片,最好是单面刀片
-
采用防振降噪铣刀
-
选取韧性更佳的刀具牌号
-
降低进给
-
采用防振刀体
-
×
积屑瘤
积屑瘤
原因
-
切削区域温度过低
-
负型刀片
-
加工材料粘性高,如低碳钢,不锈钢及铝
解决方案
-
提高切削速度
-
采用具有更大正前角及锋利切削刃的铣刀
-
大幅提高冷却液供应
-
采用进行了涂层后处理牌号的刀片
-
×
切削刃崩刃
切削刃崩刃
原因
解决方案
-
采用韧性更高牌号制成的刀片
-
采用具有强固切削刃的刀片
-
提高切削速度
-
使用具有防振降噪性能的铣刀
-
采用防振刀体
-
-
×
Flank Wear
Flank Wear
原因
-
High cutting speed
-
Low wear resistance carbide grade
解决方案
-
Reduce cutting speed
-
Use a more wear- resistant cutting tool material grade
-
Select a more wear resistant grade
-
For work-hardening materials, select a smaller entry angle
-
Reduce the cutting speed when machining heat resistant materials
-
×
Crater Wear
Crater Wear
原因
-
Excessive cutting temperatures and pressures on the top of the insert
解决方案
-
Reduce cutting speed
-
Reduce feed
-
Use a tool with more positive geometry
-
Use a harder material grade
-
Select a more wear resistant grade
-
Select a more positive insert geometry
-
Reduce the cutting speed or reduce the feed rate to lower the temperature
-
Use higher coolant flow and pressure, consider High pressure coolant
-
×
Plastic Deformation
Plastic Deformation
原因
-
Cutting temperature is too high
解决方案
-
Reduce cutting speed
-
Use a harder material grade
-
Reduce the feed rate
-
×
Thermal Cracking
Thermal Cracking
原因
-
Excessive variations in surface temperature, intermittent machining, or variations in coolant supply
解决方案
-
Reduce cutting speed
-
Use tougher cutting tool material grade with higher thermal resistance
-
Significantly increase coolant supply or turn it off
-
Select a tougher insert grade
-
Eliminate the use of coolant whenever possible
-
×
Edge Fracture
Edge Fracture
原因
-
Caused by excessive insert wear before indexing the insert
-
The grade and geometry could be too weak for the applications
-
Excessive load on the insert
-
Built-up edge has been formed on the insert
解决方案
-
Reduce cutting speed
-
Use endmills of chatter-free geometry
-
Use a tougher cutting tool material grade
-
×
Built-up Edge
Built-up Edge
原因
-
Cutting zone temperature is too low
-
Negative cutting geometry
-
Machining of very sticky materials such as low-carbon steel, stainless steels, and aluminum
解决方案
-
Increase cutting speed
-
Significantly increase coolant supply
-
Use inserts, produced from a tool material grade with a post coating treatment